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Classical system: Correlation is defined as the energy difference between two calculation methods.
Quantum system: The solution is described by wavefunctions, which are related to energy through the Schrödinger equation.
Many-body wavefunction: It can be constructed from single-particle wavefunctions in multiple ways.
Correlation in quantum systems: Since multiple construction methods exist, correlation can also be defined in different ways.
Practical definition: Correlation is usually defined relative to the Hartree–Fock method, because it gives a better approximation than the Hartree method.
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